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歷屆高考詞序考點(diǎn)簡析
歷屆高考詞序考點(diǎn)簡析 [作者] 厲惠湘 [內(nèi)容] 詞序是高考試題中�？嫉膬�(nèi)容，同時也是中學(xué)教材的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。為便于同 學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)，下面我們把高考中 所出現(xiàn)的各種詞序題歸類簡析如下： 一、短語動詞中賓語的位置 （79MET）. If you don't know the word, why don't you______in the dictionary. （A）look at it （B）look after it （C）look up it （D）look it up 析：答案為D。其意指“查（字典等）”，A意為"看"，B 意為"照顧"均 不符題意，故排除。由動詞加 副詞構(gòu)成的短語，其賓語是名詞時，賓語可放在 整個短語后面，也可插在動詞與副詞之間，但賓語是代詞時， 代詞賓語只能插 在動詞與副詞之間。 試題選練：（畫線項為答案，下同） （83MET）.If you are at home this evening, I'll________. （A）ring you on （B）ring upon you （C）ring to you （D）ring you up ──────- （78MET）.I need a day or two________ （A）to think it over ────────── （B）to think over it （C）of thinking 二、虛擬語氣省略if時的詞序 （95上海）.______ for the free tickets, I would not havegone to the films so often. （A）If it is not （B）Were it not （C）Had it not been （D）If they were not 析：答案為C。這是一個與過去相反的虛擬條件從句的省略形式，當(dāng)從句中 的if省略時，從句要用倒裝句。 這類倒裝句只需將助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞 提至主語前即可。常見句式更換如下： a.與現(xiàn)在相反：If I were you (=Were I you) , I would go ──with him. b.與過去相反：If I had had time then (=Had I had time ──then), I would have gone with you. c.與將來相反：If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow, (=Were I to /Should I visit the Great ── ───Wall tomorrow), I would take my son with me. 注意：在否定句中not不可提至主語前，如： （誤）Weren't I here now, I would be in the bus. ──── （正）Were I not here now, I would be in the bus. ── 試題選練：（94上海）.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Y angpu Bridge. （A）Were （B）Should ──── （C）Would （D）Will _______ your letter, I would have written back two daysago. （A）If I received （B）Should Ireceive （C）Had I received ──────── （D）If I could have received 三、否定詞放在句首時的詞序 （91MET）"Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?" "I don't know,_____ （A）nor don't I care （B）nor do I care （C）I don't care neither （D）I don't care also 析：答案為B。A項多了not，C項、D項分別要改neither、 also 為either。 否定詞作狀語放在句首時要用 倒裝句，倒裝句只需將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、系動 詞be提至主語首即可（見例2）。 實意動詞的倒裝要在主語前 面加助動詞 do， does，did等，此時謂語動詞要用動詞原形（見例1）。常見的否定詞或結(jié)構(gòu)有： neither/nor /never/hardly/ little/seldom/ scarcely/ barely/ not until/no sooner than/hardly when/not only…b ut also/at no time/not once/by no means 例：1.Little did Einstein care for money. ── 2.By no means( Never/At no time) will China besuperpowers. ─── 試題選練：（85MET）. "Did you enjoy that trip? " "I'mafraid not. And_______." 歷屆高考詞序考點(diǎn)簡析 （A）my classmates don't either （B）my classmates don't too （C）neither do my classmates （D）neither did my classmates ───────────── （90MET）.Not until I began to work _______how much time I had wasted. （A）didn't I realize （B）did I realize ─────── （C）I didn't realize （D）I realize （95NMET）.Not until all the fish died in the river____how serious the pollution was. （A）did the villagers realize ───────────── （B）the villagers realize （C）the villagers did realize （D）didn't the villagers realize （91上海）.Not only____ polluted but ____ crowded. （A）was the city, were the streets （B）the city was, were the streets （C）was the city, the streets were ─────────────── （D）the city was, the streets were （94上海）.Little ____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. （A）does he care （B）did he care ─────── （C）he cares （D）he cared 四、So…that放在句首時的詞序 （92上海）. So ______ that no fish can live in it. （A）the lake is shallow （B）shallow the lake is （C）shallow is the lake （D）is the lake shallow 析：答案為C。在so…that句型中，當(dāng)so 后的部分提到句首時要用部分倒 裝。如： So hard does he study that he is sure to succeed. ─────── 試題選練：So excited _____ that he couldn't speak a word. （A）he gets （B）he got （C）does he get （D）did he get ────── 五、so含"也"意時的詞序 （87MET）.John won first prize in the contest. ______. （A）So he did （B）So did he （C）So he did, too （D）So did he, too. （79MET）. I like sports and ______ my brother （A）so does （B）so is ──── （C）so （D）so like －I like playing football. －_______. （A）So you do （B）So do you （C）You do so （D）So did you 析：答案分別為A、A.So開頭的句子， 如果是重復(fù)前面一句話的部分內(nèi)容， 該內(nèi)容也適合另一人，物。要 用倒裝（但謂語要與前句謂語時態(tài)，形式一致）。 此時兩句中的主語不可是同一人或物。如： He has got up, so have I. ── ── You are honest, so am I, so are all of us. ── ── ── 但So開頭的句子，如果是重復(fù)前面一句話的意見，表示對別人說的話加以 肯定，語序不必倒裝。此時兩句 的主語常常是同一人或物。如： He asked me to support him, so I did. ── I have passed the maths exam. So you have. ── 六、As引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時的詞序 （85MET）._____ , he doesn't study well. （A）As he is clever （B）He is as clever （C）Clever as he is （D）As clever he is 析：答案為C。As引導(dǎo)讓步狀語時要將句中作表語的形容詞、 名詞（前面 不可用冠詞）、作狀語的副詞或 部分謂語動詞提至as（though）前。 Child (Young) as she is, she knows a lot. ─────── Fast as you run, I can catch you easily. &nbs 歷屆高考詞序考點(diǎn)簡析p; ── Try as you might, you are sure to fail again. ── 試題選練：_____ the dictionary, he could not afford to buy it. （A）Much as he liked ───────── （B）Liked as he （C）He liked very much （D）As he liked much 七、多個形容詞排列時的詞序 （95NMET）. "How was your recent visit to Qingdao?" "It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ____ days at the seaside." （A）few last sunny （B）last few sunny （C）last sunny few （D）few sunny last 析：答案為B，此題考測多個形容詞或修飾語并列時的位置問題。 多個修飾語并列修飾一個名詞時的位置規(guī)則為： a）限定詞如：a, the, all, many, little, first, last, these, this 等。（如有數(shù)詞同時出現(xiàn)時，序 數(shù)詞在前，基數(shù)詞在后。） b）描繪性形容詞如大小，長短，高低，新舊，顏色，國籍， 材料，用途， 類別等。同類形容詞排列時短 的在前，長的在后。如：He isa kind honest old man.（限定＋短性質(zhì)＋長性質(zhì)＋年齡） ── ─── ─ ─ This useless old geography book doesn't belong me.（限定＋ ── ─── ─ ────性質(zhì)＋新舊＋種類） My house is furnished with three comfortable dark brown ─── ────── ── ──chairs.（數(shù)詞＋性質(zhì)＋短顏色＋長顏色 ） 試題選練：（93NMET）.Tony is going camping with ____ boys. （A）little two other （B）two little other （C）two other little ───────── （D）little other two When I was a child, my grandmother told me ____ stories. （A）many such funny ──────── （B）such many funny （C）many funny such （D）funny many such He saw nothing but a _______ table in the farm house. （A）round small wooden （B）small round wooden ────────── （C）round wooden small （D）small wooden round The ______ bridge in our village was built scores of years ago. （A）a stone old fine （B）an old stone fine （C）a fine old stone ───────── （D）an old fine stone These are his cousin's first two ______ paintings. （A）little red French interesting oil （B）interesting little red French oil ───────────────── （C）interesting French little red oil （D）little red intersting oil French 八：詞序不同意義不同的詞 （95上海）.It was_____ late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi. （A）too very （B）much too （C）too much （D）far 析：答案為B。B是個副詞詞組，只修飾形容詞或副詞以加強(qiáng)語氣�？勺餍� 容詞修飾名詞，也可作名詞充當(dāng) 主語，賓語等成分。 A 中 toovery不能連用。 D不能修飾原級形容詞故排除。常見的詞序不同、 意義不同的詞 組有：in all 總共／all in 疲倦， in hand 在手中／hand in 上交，turn in 上交／in turn 輪流、排隊， from far來自遠(yuǎn)方／far from 離得遠(yuǎn)、遠(yuǎn)非，for good永遠(yuǎn)／ good for對…有好處，allfor都贊成／for a ll盡管…，much too太，過于，修飾 形容詞或副詞／too much太多，充當(dāng)名詞或修飾名詞，if only 要是（常 與虛 擬語氣連用）／only if 只有（引導(dǎo)條件從句），long before 很久以前／before long不久以后。 試題選練：I knew you ____ I knew John. （A）before long （B）long before （C）long ago （D）after long 歷屆高考詞序考點(diǎn)簡析 _____ you try your best to prepare your lessons well willyou be ableto pass the exam.
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